Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost share of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be estranged from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies innate geography, the land attach is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several time in the past its first conception in classical antiquity. The separation of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which modify on a spectrum rather than in the manner of a sharp dividing line. The geographic link up amid Europe and Asia does not follow any give access boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and joined Kingdom are plus transcontinental in that the main ration is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in further continents.
Europe covers just about 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of home area). Politically, Europe is not speaking into practically fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of just about 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. additional from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than near to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration grow old marked the stop of ancient records and the initiation of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the unbiased era. previously the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. amongst the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various mature the Americas, just about all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French rebellion and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to enlightened economic, cultural and social fine-tune in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most allowance in Europe, contributing to a fade away in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet sticking together and the joined States took prominence. During the chilly War, Europe was estranged along the Iron Curtain amongst NATO in the West and the Warsaw treaty in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, taking into consideration a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, with the idea of unifying Europe to reach common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. new European integration by some states led to the formation of the European hold (EU), a remove embassy entity that lies amid a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward since the fall of the Soviet union in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used accompanied by Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes border and immigration controls among most of its aficionado states.
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