Europe is a continent located agreed in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost allocation of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be estranged from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies subconscious geography, the estate attach is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several times since its first conception in classical antiquity. The distancing of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which adjust upon a spectrum rather than with a smart dividing line. The geographic be close to amongst Europe and Asia does not follow any welcome boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and united Kingdom are plus transcontinental in that the main portion is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in other continents.
Europe covers very nearly 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of house area). Politically, Europe is on bad terms into roughly fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of nearly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. other from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration become old marked the stop of ancient chronicles and the introduction of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the objector era. since the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. in the midst of the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various times the Americas, in the region of every of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French rebellion and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to open-minded economic, cultural and social change in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most ration in Europe, contributing to a subside in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet union and the united States took prominence. During the cold War, Europe was estranged along the Iron Curtain amid NATO in the West and the Warsaw harmony in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, later than a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, in imitation of the idea of unifying Europe to reach common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. other European integration by some states led to the formation of the European devotion (EU), a cut off political entity that lies amongst a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward in the past the drop of the Soviet devotion in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used among Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes link up and immigration controls in the middle of most of its aficionado states.
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