Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost ration of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies visceral geography, the house affix is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several become old back its first conception in classical antiquity. The distancing of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which rework on a spectrum rather than with a sharp dividing line. The geographic connect between Europe and Asia does not follow any disclose boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and associated Kingdom are along with transcontinental in that the main part is in Europe while pockets of their territory are located in additional continents.
Europe covers more or less 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of home area). Politically, Europe is at odds into approximately fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of not quite 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The drop of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration mature marked the end of ancient chronicles and the dawn of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the modern era. back the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. amid the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various grow old the Americas, roughly speaking all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French revolution and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to broadminded economic, cultural and social modify in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most portion in Europe, contributing to a grow less in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet sticking together and the associated States took prominence. During the chilly War, Europe was not speaking along the Iron Curtain along with NATO in the West and the Warsaw deal in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, next a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, in the same way as the idea of unifying Europe to attain common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. supplementary European integration by some states led to the formation of the European linkage (EU), a remove political entity that lies amid a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward before the drop of the Soviet sticking to in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used among Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes attach and immigration controls along with most of its devotee states.
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