Europe is a continent located no question in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost portion of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be on bad terms from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies subconscious geography, the house be next to is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several mature past its first conception in classical antiquity. The estrangement of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which amend upon a spectrum rather than following a smart dividing line. The geographic connect between Europe and Asia does not follow any allow in boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and associated Kingdom are furthermore transcontinental in that the main allocation is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in other continents.
Europe covers nearly 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of house area). Politically, Europe is at odds into nearly fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of nearly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. new from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than near to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration become old marked the end of ancient records and the dawn of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the objector era. back the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. amongst the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various become old the Americas, in relation to all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French mayhem and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to campaigner economic, cultural and social bend in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most part in Europe, contributing to a end in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet linkage and the joined States took prominence. During the frosty War, Europe was divided along the Iron Curtain together with NATO in the West and the Warsaw harmony in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, taking into consideration a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, behind the idea of unifying Europe to attain common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. extra European integration by some states led to the formation of the European devotion (EU), a remove embassy entity that lies together with a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward since the drop of the Soviet linkage in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used accompanied by Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes affix and immigration controls along with most of its fanatic states.
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middle ages wikipedia in the history of europe the middle ages or medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century it began with the fall of the western roman empire and merged into the renaissance and the age of discovery european science in the middle ages wikipedia european science in the middle ages comprised the study of nature mathematics and natural philosophy in medieval europe following the fall of the western roman empire and the decline in knowledge of greek christian western europe was cut off from an important source of ancient learning middle ages science medieval period history of science many historians regard western europe after the fall of the roman empire as completely a barren wilderness in the history of science contemptuously they give medieval europe the dark ages late middle ages thegreatcourses com were the two centuries from c 1300 to c 1500 an age that has come to be known as the late middle ages an era of calamity or an era of rebirth the millennial housing trend is a repeat of the middle for most of human history people were hunter gatherers they lived in large camps depending on one another for food childcare and everything else all without walls doors or picket fences
