Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory along with includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera create Spain the unaccompanied European country to have a subconscious connect with an African country (Morocco). Several little islands in the Alboran Sea are moreover allowance of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a little home boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the niche of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
With an place of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. By population (about 47 million), Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain’s capital and largest city is Madrid; additional major urban areas affix Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Mlaga and Bilbao.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula concerning 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along gone ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed upon the peninsula until it came under Roman believe to be roughly speaking 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based upon the earlier Phoenician broadcast Sp(a)n or Spania. At the end of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and established relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly combine every long-lasting independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally all the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was subsequently documented as Hispania.
In the prematurely eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to declare most of the peninsula in the year 726, desertion by yourself a handful of small Christian realms in the north and lasting occurring to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering become old across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the introduction of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to twist the invasion. in imitation of the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the late 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country under the Catholic Monarchs.
In the to the front radical period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, leaving behind a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were plus many advancements in the arts, behind world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most renowned Spanish learned work, Don Quixote, was along with published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World line Sites.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, gone King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a high income country, gone the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing capacity parity. It is a supporter of the allied Nations (UN), the European bond (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the paperwork of Ibero-American States (OEI), the union for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic agreement running (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and loan (OECD), supervision for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade presidency (WTO) and many additional international organisations. though not an qualified member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in every summit, which makes Spain a de facto zealot of the group.
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