Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated upon the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory in addition to includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera create Spain the single-handedly European country to have a living thing be next to subsequent to an African country (Morocco). Several little islands in the Alboran Sea are moreover allocation of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a little estate boundary behind Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the niche of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
With an area of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. By population (about 47 million), Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain’s capital and largest city is Madrid; additional major urban areas enhance Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Mlaga and Bilbao.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula nearly 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along later ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman believe to be not far off from 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based on the earlier Phoenician publicize Sp(a)n or Spania. At the end of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and conventional relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly join all remaining independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally every the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was next documented as Hispania.
In the to come eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to pronounce most of the peninsula in the year 726, desertion unaccompanied a handful of little Christian realms in the north and lasting occurring to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering get older across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the instigation of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to viewpoint the invasion. taking into account the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the late 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country under the Catholic Monarchs.
In the to the lead objector period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, rejection a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were along with many advancements in the arts, once world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most famous Spanish theoretical work, Don Quixote, was afterward published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World lineage Sites.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, considering King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a tall income country, subsequent to the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing faculty parity. It is a devotee of the united Nations (UN), the European sticking together (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the dispensation of Ibero-American States (OEI), the linkage for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic harmony paperwork (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and develop (OECD), management for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade executive (WTO) and many new international organisations. though not an credited member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in every summit, which makes Spain a de facto aficionada of the group.
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