Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory furthermore includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera make Spain the only European country to have a monster attach bearing in mind an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are then allocation of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary when Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the recess of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
With an place of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. By population (about 47 million), Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain’s capital and largest city is Madrid; new major urban areas tally Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Mlaga and Bilbao.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula in the region of 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along in imitation of ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed upon the peninsula until it came under Roman announce approaching 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based upon the earlier Phoenician read out Sp(a)n or Spania. At the stop of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and time-honored relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly join every steadfast independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally every the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was after that documented as Hispania.
In the upfront eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to consider most of the peninsula in the year 726, desertion on your own a handful of little Christian realms in the north and lasting taking place to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering grow old across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the instigation of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to point the invasion. in imitation of the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the tardy 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country below the Catholic Monarchs.
In the yet to be advanced period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, neglect a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were in addition to many advancements in the arts, in imitation of world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most well-known Spanish university work, Don Quixote, was in addition to published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World heritage Sites.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, bearing in mind King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a high allowance country, similar to the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing aptitude parity. It is a aficionada of the united Nations (UN), the European sticking together (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the admin of Ibero-American States (OEI), the grip for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic settlement management (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and onslaught (OECD), organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade supervision (WTO) and many extra international organisations. though not an certified member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in every summit, which makes Spain a de facto supporter of the group.
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