Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated upon the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory plus includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera make Spain the solitary European country to have a bodily border next an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are next portion of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a little house boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the recess of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
With an area of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. By population (about 47 million), Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain’s capital and largest city is Madrid; supplementary major urban areas enlarge Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Mlaga and Bilbao.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula something like 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along taking into consideration ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed upon the peninsula until it came under Roman believe to be all but 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based upon the earlier Phoenician declare Sp(a)n or Spania. At the stop of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and traditional relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly integrate all permanent independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally all the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was after that documented as Hispania.
In the in advance eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to find most of the peninsula in the year 726, leaving behind solitary a handful of small Christian realms in the north and lasting occurring to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering times across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the foundation of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to direction the invasion. taking into account the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the late 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country under the Catholic Monarchs.
In the to the fore objector period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, rejection a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken indigenous language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were along with many advancements in the arts, subsequently world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most renowned Spanish speculative work, Don Quixote, was afterward published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World pedigree Sites.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, when King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a high income country, later than the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing capacity parity. It is a devotee of the allied Nations (UN), the European sticking to (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the government of Ibero-American States (OEI), the devotion for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic agreement dealing out (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and loan (OECD), meting out for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade government (WTO) and many supplementary international organisations. even if not an recognized member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in every summit, which makes Spain a de facto fanatic of the group.
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