Europe is a continent located very in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost share of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be on bad terms from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies physical geography, the house attach is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several grow old previously its first conception in classical antiquity. The isolation of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which correct on a spectrum rather than following a brilliant dividing line. The geographic attach amongst Europe and Asia does not follow any give access boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and joined Kingdom are as a consequence transcontinental in that the main ration is in Europe even if pockets of their territory are located in additional continents.
Europe covers virtually 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of estate area). Politically, Europe is divided into not quite fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of roughly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. other from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The drop of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration time marked the stop of ancient history and the dawn of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the open-minded era. in the past the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. with the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various period the Americas, not far off from all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French disorder and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to liberal economic, cultural and social change in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most portion in Europe, contributing to a stop in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet hold and the allied States took prominence. During the chilly War, Europe was estranged along the Iron Curtain surrounded by NATO in the West and the Warsaw agreement in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, later than a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, when the idea of unifying Europe to reach common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. other European integration by some states led to the formation of the European sticking together (EU), a separate diplomatic entity that lies amongst a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward back the fall of the Soviet bond in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used along with Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes attach and immigration controls in the midst of most of its member states.
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