France (French: [fs] (About this soundlisten)), officially the French Republic (French: Rpublique franaise, pronounced [epyblik fsz] (About this soundlisten)), is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories.[XIII] The metropolitan place of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast, Switzerland and Italy to the east, and Andorra and Spain to the south. The overseas territories swell French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. The country’s 18 integral regions (five of which are situated overseas) span a amassed place of 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) and a sum population of 67.02 million (as of July 2019). France is a unitary semi-presidential republic subsequently its capital in Paris, the country’s largest city and main cultural and want ad centre. additional major urban areas intensify Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lille and Nice.
During the Iron Age, what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people. Rome annexed the place in 51 BC, holding it until the dawn of Germanic Franks in 476, who formed the Kingdom of Francia. The concurrence of Verdun of 843 partitioned Francia into East Francia, center Francia and West Francia. West Francia, which became the Kingdom of France in 987, emerged as a major European facility in the late middle Ages, following its victory in the Hundred Years’ case (13371453). During the Renaissance, French culture flourished and a global colonial empire was established, which by the 20th century would become the second largest in the world. The 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars amid Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots). France became Europe’s dominant cultural, political, and military capability in the 17th century under Louis XIV. In the tardy 18th century, the French lawlessness overthrew the perfect monarchy, establishing one of open-minded history’s out of date republics and drafting the support of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which expresses the nation’s ideals to this day.
In the 19th century, Napoleon took skill and conventional the First French Empire. His subsequent Napoleonic Wars (180315) shaped the course of continental Europe. later than the collapse of the Empire, France endured a tumultuous succession of governments culminating past the commencement of the French Third Republic in 1870. France was a major participant in World suit I, from which it emerged victorious, and was one of the Allies in World battle II, but came below occupation by the Axis powers in 1940. when liberation in 1944, a Fourth Republic was standard and well along dissolved in the course of the Algerian War. The Fifth Republic, led by Charles de Gaulle, was formed in 1958 and remains today. Algeria and nearly every the supplementary colonies became independent in the 1960s, later most retaining close economic and military friends subsequent to France.
France has long been a global centre of art, science, and philosophy. It hosts the world’s fourth-largest number of UNESCO World pedigree Sites and is the leading tourist destination, receiving almost 83 million foreign visitors annually. France is a developed country behind the world’s sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP, and tenth-largest by purchasing facility parity. In terms of aggregate household wealth, it ranks fourth in the world. France performs well in international rankings of education, health care, vibrancy expectancy, and human development. France is considered a great capacity in global affairs, subconscious one of the five unshakable members of the united Nations Security Council when the gift to veto and an approved nuclear-weapon state. It is a leading aficionada acknowledge of the European grip and the Eurozone, and a devotee of the group of 7, North Atlantic concurrence admin (NATO), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and forward movement (OECD), the World Trade giving out (WTO), and La Francophonie.
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tour de france 2018 route stage 12 bourg saint maurice thursday 19 july 2018 travelling from bourg saint maurice to alpe d huez the 12th stage of the tour de france amounts to 175 5 kilometres stage 12 toulouse bagneres de bigorre tour de france simon yates completes his grand tour trilogy after elia viviani and caleb ewan simon yates was the third rider to win a stage of the tour de france after the giro d italia and la vuelta tour de france 2017 route stage 12 pau peyragudes thursday 13 july 2017 stage 12 in the tour de france is a 214 5 kilometres toil in the pyrenees the riders are to crest four cols before a steep double barreled ascent runs the the summit finish in peyragudes tour de france 2019 route map stage profiles dates and tour de france 2019 route map stage profiles dates and distance the 2019 tour de france will begin in belgium on 6 july here s what you need to know about all the sages from distance to tour de france 2019 route map today s stage 12 profile this year s tour de france looks set to be won in the mountains with pure climbers like team ineos prodigy egan bernal tipped for victory the tour de france 2019 in english route and map it is also being billed as the highest tour de france ever with most of the route taking riders through the upland areas of southern france see stage details below tour de france route map by about france com tour de france 2019 stage by stage guide route map stage by stage guide to the 2019 tour de france 1 52 2019 tour de france the route from brussels to paris via the pyrenees and the alps in what has been dubbed the highest race in history 2019 tour de france stages schedule map live stream 2019 tour de france stages schedule map live stream how to watch in the united states originally appeared on nbcsportswashington com cycling s biggest event is here once again for the running tour de france 2019 route stage by stage guide stages 11 and 12 will be two of the most accessible stages for spectating at this year s tour de france toulouse offers excellent transport links with an airport as well as a fast tgv train link to paris this stage itself will be flat and probably best caught as a stage start or end or on a roadside with the locals just out of town tour de france 2019 stage 12 preview cyclingnews com find out the latest news stage reports race scores and expert analysis from the 2019 tour de france stage 12 cyclingnews com the world centre of cycling