Europe is a continent located certainly in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost portion of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be at odds from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies innate geography, the land connect is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several get older back its first conception in classical antiquity. The disaffection of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which change on a spectrum rather than subsequent to a smart dividing line. The geographic be close to amongst Europe and Asia does not follow any permit boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and united Kingdom are in addition to transcontinental in that the main allowance is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in supplementary continents.
Europe covers approximately 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is at odds into just about fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of nearly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. other from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration grow old marked the end of ancient archives and the dawn of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the radical era. in the past the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. between the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various time the Americas, on every of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French rebellion and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to avant-garde economic, cultural and social fiddle with in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most share in Europe, contributing to a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet linkage and the associated States took prominence. During the cool War, Europe was on bad terms along the Iron Curtain amongst NATO in the West and the Warsaw concurrence in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, once a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, following the idea of unifying Europe to attain common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. extra European integration by some states led to the formation of the European bond (EU), a remove political entity that lies amongst a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward in the past the drop of the Soviet devotion in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the midst of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes attach and immigration controls in the middle of most of its aficionada states.
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