Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated upon the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory also includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera create Spain the isolated European country to have a mammal be close to following an African country (Morocco). Several little islands in the Alboran Sea are as a consequence share of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small home boundary taking into account Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
With an area of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. By population (about 47 million), Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain’s capital and largest city is Madrid; additional major urban areas attach Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Mlaga and Bilbao.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along in imitation of ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman pronounce concerning 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based on the earlier Phoenician proclaim Sp(a)n or Spania. At the stop of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and conventional relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly combine all enduring independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally all the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was later documented as Hispania.
In the in the future eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to deem most of the peninsula in the year 726, rejection forlorn a handful of small Christian realms in the north and lasting occurring to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering become old across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the launch of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to slant the invasion. following the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the late 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country under the Catholic Monarchs.
In the in advance militant period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, desertion a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were in addition to many advancements in the arts, when world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most renowned Spanish college work, Don Quixote, was then published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World pedigree Sites.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, later than King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a high allowance country, considering the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing skill parity. It is a believer of the allied Nations (UN), the European sticking together (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the dealing out of Ibero-American States (OEI), the devotion for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic agreement admin (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and enhance (OECD), giving out for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade running (WTO) and many further international organisations. even though not an recognized member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in every summit, which makes Spain a de facto believer of the group.
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